Nuclear antiviral innate responses at the intersection of DNA sensing and DNA repair.

Publication Year
2022

Type

Journal Article
Abstract

The coevolution of vertebrate and mammalian hosts with DNA viruses has driven the ability of host cells to distinguish viral from cellular DNA in the nucleus to induce intrinsic immune responses. Concomitant viral mechanisms have arisen to inhibit DNA sensing. At this virus-host interface, emerging evidence links cytokine responses and cellular homeostasis pathways, particularly the DNA damage response (DDR). Nuclear DNA sensors, such as the interferon (IFN)-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16), functionally intersect with the DDR regulators ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Here, we discuss accumulating knowledge for the DDR-innate immunity signaling axis. Through the lens of this infection-driven signaling axis, we present host and viral molecular strategies acquired to regulate autoinflammation and antiviral responses.

Journal
Trends Microbiol
Volume
30
Issue
11
Pages
1056-1071
Date Published
2022 Nov
ISSN Number
1878-4380
Alternate Journal
Trends Microbiol
PMCID
PMC9560981
PMID
35641341