Membrane curvature directs the localization of Cdc42p to novel foci required for cell-cell fusion. Author Jean Smith, Allison Hall, Mark Rose Publication Year 2017 Type Journal Article Abstract Cell fusion is ubiquitous in eukaryotic fertilization and development. The highly conserved Rho-GTPase Cdc42p promotes yeast fusion through interaction with Fus2p, a pheromone-induced amphiphysin-like protein. We show that in prezygotes, Cdc42p forms a novel Fus2p-dependent focus at the center of the zone of cell fusion (ZCF) and remains associated with remnant cell walls after initial fusion. At the ZCF and during fusion, Cdc42p and Fus2p colocalized. In contrast, in shmoos, both proteins were near the cortex but spatially separate. Cdc42p focus formation depends on ZCF membrane curvature: mutant analysis showed that Cdc42p localization is negatively affected by shmoo-like positive ZCF curvature, consistent with the flattening of the ZCF during fusion. BAR-domain proteins such as the fusion proteins Fus2p and Rvs161p are known to recognize membrane curvature. We find that mutations that disrupt binding of the Fus2p/Rvs161p heterodimer to membranes affect Cdc42p ZCF localization. We propose that Fus2p localizes Cdc42p to the flat ZCF to promote cell wall degradation. Keywords Signal Transduction, Membrane Proteins, Protein Binding, Mutation, Phosphorylation, Genes, Reporter, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Cell Membrane, Luminescent Proteins, Hydrolysis, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Cell Wall, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Protein Multimerization, Cell Fusion, Mating Factor, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Journal J Cell Biol Volume 216 Issue 12 Pages 3971-3980 Date Published 2017 Dec 04 ISSN Number 1540-8140 DOI 10.1083/jcb.201703169 Alternate Journal J Cell Biol PMCID PMC5716282 PMID 29066609 PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML