Independence of chromatin conformation and gene regulation during Drosophila dorsoventral patterning. Author Elizabeth Ing-Simmons, Roshan Vaid, Xin Bing, Michael Levine, Mattias Mannervik, Juan Vaquerizas Publication Year 2021 Type Journal Article Abstract The relationship between chromatin organization and gene regulation remains unclear. While disruption of chromatin domains and domain boundaries can lead to misexpression of developmental genes, acute depletion of regulators of genome organization has a relatively small effect on gene expression. It is therefore uncertain whether gene expression and chromatin state drive chromatin organization or whether changes in chromatin organization facilitate cell-type-specific activation of gene expression. Here, using the dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila melanogaster embryo as a model system, we provide evidence for the independence of chromatin organization and dorsoventral gene expression. We define tissue-specific enhancers and link them to expression patterns using single-cell RNA-seq. Surprisingly, despite tissue-specific chromatin states and gene expression, chromatin organization is largely maintained across tissues. Our results indicate that tissue-specific chromatin conformation is not necessary for tissue-specific gene expression but rather acts as a scaffold facilitating gene expression when enhancers become active. Keywords Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transcription, Genetic, Animals, Genetically Modified, Female, Male, Drosophila melanogaster, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Single-Cell Analysis, Cell Differentiation, Body Patterning, Cell Lineage, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Genome, Histones, Chromatin, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Organ Specificity Journal Nat Genet Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 487-499 Date Published 2021 Apr ISSN Number 1546-1718 DOI 10.1038/s41588-021-00799-x Alternate Journal Nat Genet PMCID PMC8035076 PMID 33795866 PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML