Title | Gut bacterial nutrient preferences quantified in vivo. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2022 |
Authors | Zeng, X, Xing, X, Gupta, M, Keber, FC, Lopez, JG, Lee, Y-CJ, Roichman, A, Wang, L, Neinast, MD, Donia, MS, Wühr, M, Jang, C, Rabinowitz, JD |
Journal | Cell |
Volume | 185 |
Issue | 18 |
Pagination | 3441-3456.e19 |
Date Published | 2022 Sep 01 |
ISSN | 1097-4172 |
Keywords | Animals, Bacteria, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Dietary Proteins, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Lactates, Mice, Nutrients |
Abstract | <p>Great progress has been made in understanding gut microbiomes' products and their effects on health and disease. Less attention, however, has been given to the inputs that gut bacteria consume. Here, we quantitatively examine inputs and outputs of the mouse gut microbiome, using isotope tracing. The main input to microbial carbohydrate fermentation is dietary fiber and to branched-chain fatty acids and aromatic metabolites is dietary protein. In addition, circulating host lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and urea (but not glucose or amino acids) feed the gut microbiome. To determine the nutrient preferences across bacteria, we traced into genus-specific bacterial protein sequences. We found systematic differences in nutrient use: most genera in the phylum Firmicutes prefer dietary protein, Bacteroides dietary fiber, and Akkermansia circulating host lactate. Such preferences correlate with microbiome composition changes in response to dietary modifications. Thus, diet shapes the microbiome by promoting the growth of bacteria that preferentially use the ingested nutrients.</p> |
DOI | 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.020 |
Alternate Journal | Cell |
PubMed ID | 36055202 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC9450212 |
Grant List | DP1 DK113643 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States R35 GM128813 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States T32 CA257957 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States T32 GM007388 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States |