Title | Genetic Dissection of the Host Tropism of Human-Tropic Pathogens. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2015 |
Authors | Douam, F, Gaska, JM, Winer, BY, Ding, Q, von Schaewen, M, Ploss, A |
Journal | Annu Rev Genet |
Volume | 49 |
Pagination | 21-45 |
Date Published | 2015 |
ISSN | 1545-2948 |
Keywords | Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Engineering, Haploidy, Host Specificity, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Mice, Transgenic, Tropism |
Abstract | <p>Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although the host multitropism of some pathogens has rendered their manipulation possible in animal models, the human-restricted tropism of numerous viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites has seriously hampered our understanding of these pathogens. Hence, uncovering the genetic basis underlying the narrow tropism of such pathogens is critical for understanding their mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis. Moreover, such genetic dissection is essential for the generation of permissive animal models that can serve as critical tools for the development of therapeutics or vaccines against challenging human pathogens. In this review, we describe different experimental approaches utilized to uncover the genetic foundation regulating pathogen host tropism as well as their relevance for studying the tropism of several important human pathogens. Finally, we discuss the current and future uses of this knowledge for generating genetically modified animal models permissive for these pathogens.</p> |
DOI | 10.1146/annurev-genet-112414-054823 |
Alternate Journal | Annu Rev Genet |
PubMed ID | 26407032 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC5075990 |
Grant List | 1 R56 AI106005-01 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States 5T32GM007388 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States R01 AI079031 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States R21 AI117213 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States 2 R01 AI079031-05A1 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States T32 GM007388 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States R56 AI106005 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States R01 AI107301 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States 1 R01 AI107301-01 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States |