G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP biosynthesis promotes antioxidant defense and tumor metastasis.

Publication Year
2022

Type

Journal Article
Abstract

Metastasizing cancer cells are able to withstand high levels of oxidative stress through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here, we show that under various oxidative stress conditions, pancreatic cancer cells markedly expand NADPH and NADP pools. This expansion is due to up-regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), which stimulates the cytoplasmic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK1) to produce NADP while converting NADP to NADPH. G6PD is activated by the transcription factor TAp73, which is, in turn, regulated by two pathways. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 suppresses expression of the ubiquitin ligase PIRH2, stabilizing the TAp73 protein. Checkpoint kinases 1/2 and E2F1 induce expression of the gene. Levels of G6PD and its upstream activators are elevated in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Knocking down G6PD impedes pancreatic cancer metastasis, whereas forced G6PD expression promotes it. These findings reveal an intracellular network that maintains redox homeostasis through G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP biosynthesis, which may be co-opted by tumor cells to enable metastasis.

Journal
Sci Adv
Volume
8
Issue
29
Pages
eabo0404
Date Published
2022 Jul 22
ISSN Number
2375-2548
Alternate Journal
Sci Adv
PMCID
PMC9299539
PMID
35857842