G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP biosynthesis promotes antioxidant defense and tumor metastasis. Author Yang Zhang, Yi Xu, Wenyun Lu, Jinyang Li, Sixiang Yu, Eric Brown, Ben Stanger, Joshua Rabinowitz, Xiaolu Yang Publication Year 2022 Type Journal Article Abstract Metastasizing cancer cells are able to withstand high levels of oxidative stress through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here, we show that under various oxidative stress conditions, pancreatic cancer cells markedly expand NADPH and NADP pools. This expansion is due to up-regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), which stimulates the cytoplasmic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK1) to produce NADP while converting NADP to NADPH. G6PD is activated by the transcription factor TAp73, which is, in turn, regulated by two pathways. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 suppresses expression of the ubiquitin ligase PIRH2, stabilizing the TAp73 protein. Checkpoint kinases 1/2 and E2F1 induce expression of the gene. Levels of G6PD and its upstream activators are elevated in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Knocking down G6PD impedes pancreatic cancer metastasis, whereas forced G6PD expression promotes it. These findings reveal an intracellular network that maintains redox homeostasis through G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP biosynthesis, which may be co-opted by tumor cells to enable metastasis. Keywords Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, NADP, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Antioxidants Journal Sci Adv Volume 8 Issue 29 Pages eabo0404 Date Published 2022 Jul 22 ISSN Number 2375-2548 DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abo0404 Alternate Journal Sci Adv PMCID PMC9299539 PMID 35857842 PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML