Dynamic regulation of eve stripe 2 expression reveals transcriptional bursts in living Drosophila embryos. Author Jacques Bothma, Hernan Garcia, Emilia Esposito, Gavin Schlissel, Thomas Gregor, Michael Levine Publication Year 2014 Type Journal Article Abstract We present the use of recently developed live imaging methods to examine the dynamic regulation of even-skipped (eve) stripe 2 expression in the precellular Drosophila embryo. Nascent transcripts were visualized via MS2 RNA stem loops. The eve stripe 2 transgene exhibits a highly dynamic pattern of de novo transcription, beginning with a broad domain of expression during nuclear cycle 12 (nc12), and progressive refinement during nc13 and nc14. The mature stripe 2 pattern is surprisingly transient, constituting just ∼15 min of the ∼90-min period of expression. Nonetheless, this dynamic transcription profile faithfully predicts the limits of the mature stripe visualized by conventional in situ detection methods. Analysis of individual transcription foci reveals intermittent bursts of de novo transcription, with duration cycles of 4-10 min. We discuss a multistate model of transcription regulation and speculate on its role in the dynamic repression of the eve stripe 2 expression pattern during development. Keywords Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Transcription, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Transcription Factors, Female, Drosophila melanogaster, Cell Nucleus, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Homeodomain Proteins Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Volume 111 Issue 29 Pages 10598-603 Date Published 2014 Jul 22 ISSN Number 1091-6490 DOI 10.1073/pnas.1410022111 Alternate Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A PMCID PMC4115566 PMID 24994903 PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML