Branching morphogenesis. Author Katharine Goodwin, Celeste Nelson Publication Year 2020 Type Journal Article Abstract Over the past 5 years, several studies have begun to uncover the links between the classical signal transduction pathways and the physical mechanisms that are used to sculpt branched tissues. These advances have been made, in part, thanks to innovations in live imaging and reporter animals. With modern research tools, our conceptual models of branching morphogenesis are rapidly evolving, and the differences in branching mechanisms between each organ are becoming increasingly apparent. Here, we highlight four branched epithelia that develop at different spatial scales, within different surrounding tissues and via divergent physical mechanisms. Each of these organs has evolved to employ unique branching strategies to achieve a specialized final architecture. Keywords Animals, Morphogenesis, Humans, Signal Transduction, Female, Epithelium, Lung, Kidney, Mammary Glands, Animal, Mammary Glands, Human, Salivary Glands Journal Development Volume 147 Issue 10 Date Published 2020 May 22 ISSN Number 1477-9129 DOI 10.1242/dev.184499 Alternate Journal Development PMID 32444428 PubMedGoogle ScholarBibTeXEndNote X3 XML