AGSE: A Novel Grape Seed Extract Enriched for PP2A Activating Flavonoids That Combats Oxidative Stress and Promotes Skin Health.

TitleAGSE: A Novel Grape Seed Extract Enriched for PP2A Activating Flavonoids That Combats Oxidative Stress and Promotes Skin Health.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsHuber, KL, Fernández, JR, Webb, C, Rouzard, K, Healy, J, Tamura, M, Stock, JB, Stock, M, Pérez, E
JournalMolecules
Volume26
Issue21
Date Published2021 Oct 20
ISSN1420-3049
KeywordsAnimals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Chemical Fractionation, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cytokines, Demethylation, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fibroblasts, Flavonoids, Grape Seed Extract, Humans, Oxidative Stress, Protein Phosphatase 2, Skin
Abstract

<p>Environmental stimuli attack the skin daily resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. One pathway that regulates oxidative stress in skin involves Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a phosphatase which has been previously linked to Alzheimer's Disease and aging. Oxidative stress decreases PP2A methylation in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). Thus, we hypothesize agents that increase PP2A methylation and activity will promote skin health and combat aging. To discover novel inhibitors of PP2A demethylation activity, we screened a library of 32 natural botanical extracts. We discovered Grape Seed Extract (GSE), which has previously been reported to have several benefits for skin, to be the most potent PP2A demethylating extract. Via several fractionation and extraction steps we developed a novel grape seed extract called Activated Grape Seed Extract (AGSE), which is enriched for PP2A activating flavonoids that increase potency in preventing PP2A demethylation when compared to commercial GSE. We then determined that 1% AGSE and 1% commercial GSE exhibit distinct gene expression profiles when topically applied to a 3D human skin model. To begin to characterize AGSE's activity, we investigated its antioxidant potential and demonstrate it reduces ROS levels in NHDFs and cell-free assays equal to or better than Vitamin C and E. Moreover, AGSE shows anti-inflammatory properties, dose-dependently inhibiting UVA, UVB and chemical-induced inflammation. These results demonstrate AGSE is a novel, multi-functional extract that modulates methylation levels of PP2A and supports the hypothesis of PP2A as a master regulator for oxidative stress signaling and aging in skin.</p>

DOI10.3390/molecules26216351
Alternate JournalMolecules
PubMed ID34770760
PubMed Central IDPMC8587015